Peppermint (Mentha piperita Lamiaceae/Labiatae)

Other Names: Mint

Peppermint, a perennial hybrid of water mint (Mentha aquatica) and spearmint (Mentha spicata), features four-edged purple or crimson stems and aromatic, oval leaves with pointed tips. Crimson flowers bloom in late summer.

Parts for Use

Leaves

1. Leaves are harvested in summer during blooming for maximum aroma.
2. Fresh or dried leaves are used for infusions; essential oil is used externally.
3. Widely applied as an aromatic agent.

Ingredients

Peppermint is rich in phenolic compounds with antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects, plus flavonoids and tannins. It yields 10–30 ml of essential oil per dried plant, with 30–50% menthol and 10% menthyl acetate, varying by climate and harvest time.

Use in Treatment

Peppermint’s antispasmodic properties, driven by its essential oil and flavonoids, address swelling, slow digestion, vomiting, bloating, winds, intestinal cramps, and insufficient bile secretion. A 1997 Taiwanese study confirmed its effectiveness against intestinal irritation, relieving cramps, with similar findings in a 2001 U.S. study on children. In large doses, it acts as a sedative and tonic. Externally, peppermint essential oil soothes skin irritations and insect bites. As an inhalant, it clears nostrils for cold and flu relief. It also treats oral infections as a mouthwash and may alleviate headaches. Commercially, it flavors chewing gum.

Cultivation

Grow peppermint in rich, moist soil in a sunny or slightly shaded location.

Preparation and Dosage

For Internal Use (Swelling, Slow Digestion, Vomiting, Bloating, Insufficient Bile Secretion)

1. Infusion: Steep 1 teaspoon of dried leaves in 150 ml boiling water for 10–15 minutes, strain, and drink 1 cup after meals.
2. For Strengthening: Drink 2 cups after meals.
3. As a Sedative: Drink 1 cup in the evening.

For External Use (Colds, Oral Infections)

1. Inhaler/Mouthwash: Steep a handful of leaves in boiling water, inhale vapors, or use chilled as a mouthwash.

For External Use (Skin Problems)

1. Essential Oil: Dilute 3 drops in 10 ml base oil and apply to affected areas.

Warnings

1. Consult a healthcare professional before use.
2. Avoid peppermint preparations during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
3. Leaves are safe, but essential oil for internal use requires medical supervision.
4. Do not give essential oil to young children.
5. Essential oil may worsen acid reflux issues.
6. Prolonged or excessive use of essential oil may cause allergic reactions or stomach irritation.