Basil (Ocimum basilicum Lamiaceae ili Labiatae)

Other Names: Great Basil, Saint-Joseph's-Wort, Sweet Basil

Native to South Asia, basil has long been cultivated in Europe as both a spice and a medicinal plant. This annual plant grows up to 40 centimeters tall, with bristly stems and soft, hairy, aromatic leaves. Its flowers, which are white, crimson, or multicolored, form whorls on an upright flower stalk.

Parts for Use

Leaves and Flowers

1. Leafy flower stems are harvested from summer to autumn as soon as the first flowers appear.
2. Leaves and flowers are dried for use in decoctions or infusions.
3. Alcohol extracts from fresh flowers are used to treat wounds.

Ingredients

Basil contains essential oil, with its main components varying by region. The variety grown in the Indian Ocean islands contains 65 to 85 percent estragole, while the southern European and Egyptian varieties are rich in linalool. Basil also contains tannins.

Use in Treatment

Basil is best known for relieving abdominal spasms, improving digestion, and stimulating appetite. It is also used to alleviate bloating and flatulence. Externally, its compressive properties make it effective for cold symptoms. As a throat rinse, basil soothes sore throats, and as an inhalant, it helps clear sinuses and airways. In ointment form, often combined with mint and cumin, it aids in healing wounds and cuts. Its essential oil is effective against worms and microbes. A 1985 Indian study confirmed basil’s antibacterial effects on acne-affected skin.

Cultivation

Basil thrives in rich, light, well-drained soil in a warm, sunny location. It can also be grown in pots on a sunny windowsill.

Preparation and Dosage

For Internal Use (Indigestion, Loss of Appetite, Bloating, and Flatulence)

1. Infusion: Place 4–6 grams of dried leaves in 250 ml of boiling water, cover, let sit for 10 minutes, strain, and drink one cup daily without sugar. For chronic bloating, drink two to five cups daily between meals. Discontinue after one week and resume after a one-week break.

For Throat Inflammation

1. Decoction: Place two teaspoons of dried leaves in 250 ml of water, cover, cook for 10–15 minutes, strain, let cool, and use as a mouthwash or gargle two to three times daily.

For External Use (Wounds and Cuts)

1. Ointment: Apply to the affected area two to three times daily.

Warnings

1. Consult a healthcare professional before use.
2. Do not use basil during pregnancy or breastfeeding.
3. Basil should not be given to infants or young children.
4. Avoid prolonged use of basil preparations without breaks.